Modulatory effects of vagal stimulation on neurophysiological parameters and the cellular immune response in the rat brain during systemic inflammation

Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Table 2 Group-averaged data for hematocrit, mean arterial blood pressure, somatosensory evoked potentials, P1 latencies, and the evoked flow velocity responses

	Hematocrit		Mean BP (mmHg)		SEP (μV)		P1 latency (ms)		EFVR (%)
	Baseline	End	Baseline	End	Baseline	End	Baseline	End	Baseline	End
SHAM	41 ± 3	36 ± 4	114 ± 12	100 ± 24	11 ± 5	10 ± 6	11.2 ± 0.9	11.9 ± 1.0	24 ± 6	20 ± 7
SHAM + LPS	40 ± 2	37 ± 1	107 ± 9	50 ± 12***	10 ± 4	4 ± 2***	11.6 ± 1.0	13.0 ± 1.4*	29 ± 11	10 ± 10**
LPS + VGX	42 ± 3	37 ± 2	108 ± 10	49 ± 13***	9 ± 4	4 ± 3***	11.6 ± 0.9	13.0 ± 1.4*	30 ± 9	12 ± 14*
LPS + VGX + VNS	42 ± 2	36 ± 1	114 ± 12	59 ± 19***	12 ± 5	7 ± 5*^#$	11.5 ± 1.0	13.1 ± 1.4*	24 ± 9	19 ± 9^#$

Data are given as means ± standard deviation (SD) (n = 15) together with statistical differences. Significance is given as: * compared with SHAM, *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; # compared with SHAM + LPS, ^# P < 0.05; $ compared with LPS + VGX, ^$ P < 0.05
BP blood pressure, EFVR evoked flow velocity responses, LPS lipopolysaccharide, SEP somatosensory evoked potentials, SHAM sham surgery, VGX bilateral vagotomy, VGX + STIM bilateral vagotomy and distal vagus nerve stimulation