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Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Fig. 1 | Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Fig. 1

From: Personalizing mechanical ventilation according to physiologic parameters to stabilize alveoli and minimize ventilator induced lung injury (VILI)

Fig. 1

A schematic of a closed-loop feedback system that would adaptively modify ventilator settings necessary to maintain lung stability. The input is the key physiologic parameter that will be maintained by the feedback system; in this case lung stability. The set point is the parameter on the ventilator that will be adjusted to maintain the input as required. The controller is what will be adjusted to maintain the set point; in this case ventilator setting such as tidal volume and PEEP. The output is the desired physiologic effect; in this case actual lung stability. The key component of a functional feedback system is the presence of a sensor that can identify if the output is less than desirable and readjust the set point to bring the output back into compliance. Physiologic changes in lung function, such as oxygenation, dead space, lung compliance, infection points on the pressure/volume curve, stress index, imaging, or slope of the expiratory flow curve, can be used as the sensor to maintain the desired input

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