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Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Fig. 1 | Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Fig. 1

From: Fluid loading and norepinephrine infusion mask the left ventricular preload decrease induced by pleural effusion

Fig. 1

Ultrasonographic data acquisition. Ultrasonographic images of the left ventricle obtained from a parasternal short-axis view. Endocardial tracing allowed for measurement of left ventricular end-diastolic area (LVEDA) (a), left ventricular systolic diameter (LVDia) (b) and left ventricular myocardial thickness (LVMT) (c) to enable afterload calculation. Inferior vena cava diameter was measured with anatomical M-mode at expiration and inspiration (d) guided by a respiratory tracing curve (green)

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