Fig. 1

Optimal cell stimulation duration determination. T lymphocytes were purified from four healthy donors’ blood. Cells were cultured in complete RPMI medium at a concentration of one million cells/mL and were stimulated with 4 μg/mL PHA (black circles) or left unstimulated (NS, open circles). After various duration of incubation, ranging from overnight (OVN) to approximately 62 h (OVN + 48 h), one million T cells were aliquoted and intra-lymphocyte lactate and pyruvate concentrations were measured. Results are expressed as the quantity of lactate (Fig. 1a) or pyruvate (Fig. 1b) per well of the lecture plate, which contains 50 μL of the obtained cell lysate. Each point represents the mean of the duplicates for each donor, horizontal bars represent the median value