Heart failure supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a systematic review of pre-clinical models

Heinsar, Silver; Rozencwajg, Sacha; Suen, Jacky; Bassi, Gianluigi Li; Malfertheiner, Maximilian; Vercaemst, Leen; Broman, Lars Mikael; Schmidt, Matthieu; Combes, Alain; Rätsep, Indrek; Fraser, John F.; Millar, Jonathan E.

doi:10.1186/s40635-020-00303-5

Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Table 4 Detailed characteristics of ECMO support

From: Heart failure supported by veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO): a systematic review of pre-clinical models

Study	ECMO type				ECMO equipment			ECMO settings
Study	Configuration	Cannulation	Technique	Positioncheck^§	Pump	Oxygenator	Canula size (Fr)	Flow	ACT target (s)
Dogs
Sakamoto et al.	Peripheral	Vjr-Afr	ND	No	CBBPX-80	CX-RX15W	ND	Controlled*	ND
Kawashima et al.	Combination	RA-Afr	ND	No	Capiox SP-101	ND	28-10	1.5 ± 0.42 L/min	ND
Yu et al.	Combination	RA-Af	ND	No	Bio-Source TM200 or T-PLS	ND	21-17	75 mL/kg/min	400-500
Ox
Segesser et al.	Combination	Vf and P – A_CAR	N/A	N/A	ND	ND	ND	2.5 to 5.6 L/min	> 480
Pigs
Møller-Helgestad et al.	Peripheral	Vfr-Afl	Percutaneous	N/A	ND	ND	ND	3.2 to 4.6 L/min	ND
Ostadal et al.	Peripheral	Vf-Af	Percutaneous	Yes	Xenios i-cor	Xenios AG	21-18	Controlled*	200-250
Simonsen et al.	Peripheral	Vjr-Afr	Surgical	N/A	Prototype	Maquet Quadrox D	21-15	3500 rpm	ND
Janak et al.	Peripheral	Vfl-Afl	Percutaneous	No	Levitronix Centrimag	QUADROX	23-18	Controlled*	210-290
Vanhuyse et al.	Peripheral	Vf-Af	Percutaneous	No	Medtronic	Maquet	21-15	ND	180-250
Esposito et al.	Peripheral	Vfr-Afr	ND	No	TandemHeart	ND	21-17	Controlled*	300-400
Hala et al.	Peripheral	Vf-Af	Percutaneous	Yes	Levitronix Centrimag	Maquet Quadrox i	23-18	Controlled*	200-300
Itoh et al.	Central	RA-AO	N/A	N/A	HPM-15	ExceLung-prime	16-10	140 mL/kg/min	160-200
Ostadal et al.	Peripheral	Vf-Af	Percutaneous	Yes	Levitronix Centrimag	Maquet Quadrox i	21-15	Controlled*	180-250
Brehm et al.	Peripheral	Vfr-Afr	Surgical	No	Levitronix Centrimag	Maquet Quadrox D	17-19	Controlled*	ND
Kajimoto et al.	Central	RA-AO	N/A	N/A	Sarns 8000	CX-RX05RW	ND	80-100 mL/kg/min	ND
Zhu et al.	Peripheral	Vfr-Afr	Surgical	No	Biomedicus 550	ND	14-12	ND	180-220
Bartoli et al.	Peripheral	Vjr-A_AO^$	Surgical	N/A	Not reported	Capiox SX-10	10 to14-18 to 20	0.6-1.16 L/min	> 300
Sheep
Sauren et al.	Combination	Vfl-AO	N/A	N/A	MEDOS DP1	Polystan Safe Maxi Adult	21-18 to 21	2.8 ± 0.9 L/min	> 480
Sauren et al.	Peripheral	Vfl-Afl	ND	No	MEDOS DP1	Polystan Safe Maxi Adult	21-18 to 21	2.8 ± 0.9 L/min	> 480
Naito et al.	Peripheral	Vj-A_AO^$	ND	N/A	EVAHEART	Biocube 6000	29-21	1.5 ± 0.1 L/min	ND

Brands used for ECMO consoles, pumps and oxygenators (alphabetically): TandemHeart (Cardiac Assist Inc, USA); QUADROX-i Adult, QUADROX-D and Polystan Safe Maxi Adult (Maquet Cardiopulmonary, Germany); MEDOS DP1 (MEDOS, Germany); Medtronic 550 (Medtronic Inc, USA); HPM-15 and ExceLung-prime (MERA, Japan); T-PLS (Twin-Pulse Life Support, SL-1000, New-heartbio Co., Korea); Biocube 6000 (NIPRO, Japan); EVAHEART (Sun Medical Technology Research Corp, Japan); Sarns 8000, CX-RX05RW, CX-RX15W and CAPIOX SX 10 Oxygenator (Terumo, Japan); Levitronix Centrimag (Thoratec, USA); i-cor and Xenios AG (Xenios AG, Germany)
ACT activated clotting time; Af femoral artery; Afl left fermoral artery; Afr right fermoral artery; AO aorta; asc. ascending; ar right atrium (in case of percutaneous cannulation); CAR carotid artery; ECMO extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; P pulmonary artery; RA right atrium (in case of central cannulation); rpm rotation per minutes: Vf femoral vein; Vfl left femoral vein; Vfr right femoral vein; Vj jugular vein; Vjl left jugular vein; Vjr right jugular vein
^$Arterial canula was inserted surgically directly into the abdominal aorta through a graft
^§For peripheral canulation, was fluoroscopy or echocardiography used to confirm position of the tip of the canula(s)
^*ECMO blood flow was a controlled parameter of the experiment

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