Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with mild hypoxemia who survived and patients who died in the hospital
Characteristics | Survivors, n = 447 | Non-survivors, n = 242 | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
APACHE IV score, median [IQR] | 71 [56–87] | 96 [76–116] | < 0.01 |
Age, median [IQR] | 60 [49–69] | 66 [57–75] | < 0.01 |
Gender, male, n (%) | 281 (63) | 160 (66) | 0.40 |
Admission type, n (%) | |||
Medical | 278 (62) | 146 (60) | |
Elective surgery | 63 (14) | 22 (9) | 0.04 |
Emergency surgery | 106 (24) | 74 (31) | |
Primary admission specialty, n (%) | |||
Cardiology | 67 (15) | 34 (14) | |
Cardiothoracic surgery | 78 (17) | 28 (12) | |
Ear, nose, and throat | 7 (2) | 3 (1) | |
Gastro-oncologic surgery | 7 (2) | 5 (2) | |
Gastroenterology | 7 (2) | 4 (8) | |
General surgery | 83 (19) | 42 (17) | |
Gynecology and obstetrics | 3 (1) | 0 (0) | 0.03 |
Hematology | 3 (1) | 3 (1) | |
Head and neck surgery | 5 (1) | 0 (0) | |
Internal medicine | 38 (8.5) | 13 (5) | |
Neurology | 64 (14) | 57 (24) | |
Neurosurgery | 45 (10) | 35 (14.5) | |
Orthopedic surgery | 5 (1) | 2 (1) | |
Pulmonology | 28 (6) | 11 (4.5) | |
Other | 2 (0) | 4 (2) | |
Comorbidities, n (%) | |||
Diabetes mellitus | 74 (17) | 62 (26) | < 0.01 |
Immune deficiency | 40 (9) | 28 (12) | 0.30 |
Cardiovascular disease | 143 (32) | 76 (31) | 0.93 |
Any malignancy | 58 (13) | 39 (16) | 0.28 |
COPD | 59 (13) | 38 (16) | 0.43 |
Ventilation and other parameters at onset of hypoxemia, median [IQR] | |||
Maximum airway pressure, cm H2O | 19 [16–23] | 20 [17–24] | < 0.01 |
PEEP, cm H2O | 5 [5–8] | 5 [5–8] | 0.94 |
FiO2, % | 40 [40–41] | 40 [40–41] | 0.18 |
PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | 245 [222–270] | 241 [220–273] | 0.99 |
Tidal volume, ml/kg PBW | 7.2 [6.2–8.4] | 6.9 [6–8.1] | 0.19 |
Respiratory rate, per minute | 18 [15–22] | 19 [15–24] | 0.01 |
PaO2, mmHg | 110 [95–129] | 105 [93–133] | 0.30 |
PaCO2, mmHg | 40 [36–46] | 38 [34–43] | < 0.01 |
Dead space fraction | 0.1 [0–0.2] | 0.1 [0–0.2] | 0.07 |
Use of vasopressors | 252 (56) | 165 (68) | < 0.01 |
Ventilation and other parameters after 24 h, median [IQR] | |||
Maximum airway pressure, cm H2O | 17 [14–21] | 18 [15–23] | 0.01 |
PEEP, cm H2O | 5 [5–6] | 5 [5–8] | 0.01 |
FiO2, % | 40 [39–41] | 40 [39–41] | 0.83 |
PaO2/FiO2, mmHg | 272 [22–324] | 248 [213–294] | < 0.01 |
Tidal volume, ml/kg PBW | 7.3 [6.3–8.6] | 7.3 [6.4–8.5] | 0.88 |
Respiratory rate, per minute | 18 [15–22] | 19 [15–25] | 0.04 |
PaO2, mmHg | 107 [90–133] | 101 [88–130] | 0.09 |
PaCO2, mmHg | 41 [37–46] | 39 [34–44] | < 0.01 |
Dead space fraction | 0.1 [0–0.2] | 0.1 [0–0.2] | 0.04 |
Use of vasopressors | 218 (49) | 127 (52) | < 0.01 |