Table 1 Comparison between inspiration synchronized and continuous nebulizer at different placement with quiet vs distressed breathing
Nebulizer position | Breathing pattern | HFNC gas flow rate (L/min) | Inhaled dose (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Inspiration synchronized nebulizer | Continuous nebulizer | |||
Inlet of humidifier | Quiet (500 mL/15 bpm/1:2/22.5 L/min) | 5 | 19.8 ± .8 | 19.5 ± .3 |
10 | 27.6 ± 1.2 | 19.8 ± .8 | ||
20 | 9.6 ± .3 | 16.5 ± .8 | ||
40 | 3.5 ± .1 | 8.8 ± 1.0 | ||
60 | 1.1 ± .04 | 6.3 ± .2 | ||
Distressed (700 mL/30 bpm/1:1/42 L/min) | 5 | 21.0 ± .6 | 12.9 ± 1.6 | |
10 | 23.9 ± 1.3 | 17.5 ± 1.0 | ||
20 | 31.2 ± 1.3 | 17.8 ± .2 | ||
40 | 9.1 ± .2 | 16.5 ± .3 | ||
60 | 2.3 ± .2 | 9.8 ± .7 | ||
Close to patient | Quiet (500 mL/15 bpm/1:2/22.5 L/min) | 5 | 13.4 ± .3 | 24.1 ± .8 |
10 | 24.1 ± 1.0 | 15.8 ± .6 | ||
20 | 18.0 ± 1.8 | 10.0 ± .4 | ||
40 | 7.8 ± .6 | 3.9 ± .3 | ||
60 | 4.7 ± .4 | 2.0 ± .1 | ||
Distressed (700 mL/30 bpm/1:1/42 L/min) | 5 | 12.5 ± 1.4 | 19.0 ± 1.0 | |
10 | 24.2 ± .9 | 17.8 ± .5 | ||
20 | 23.7 ± .7 | 13.6 ± .2 | ||
40 | 12.0 ± .3 | 8.3 ± .6 | ||
60 | 6.9 ± .1 | 3.8 ± .1 | ||