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Table 1 Descriptive statistics for the whole ICU population, the sepsis-3 subgroup, the cardiac arrest subgroup and the trauma subgroup

From: Plasma proenkephalin A 119–159 on intensive care unit admission is a predictor of organ failure and 30-day mortality

 

ICU

Sepsis

Cardiac arrest

Trauma

Number of patients

1978

632 (32%)

190 (9.6%)

157 (7.9%)

Women (%)

39

40

27

23

ICU length of stay (days)

1.7 (0.8–3.8)

2.5 (1.1–5.5)

2.4 (0.97–4.3)

1.8 (0.93–4.1)

ICU mortality (%)

11

14

34

4.5

30-day mortality (%)

22

28

54

12

SAPS-3 score

59 (47–71)

66 (57–77)

76 (66–87)

48 (39–59)

Day-one SOFA score

7 (4–10)

8 (6–11)

10 (8–13)

5 (2–7)

Day-two SOFA score (n = 995)

8 (5–10)

8 (6–11)

10 (8–12)

6 (4–9)

CRRT during ICU stay (%)

9.2

15

7.4

0.6

Box I

 Age (years)

66 (54–74)

69 (61–76)

68 (60–76)

55 (33–70)

 Comorbidities

    

  Cancer therapy (%)

4.6

6.3

4.2

0.6

  Chronic heart failure (%)

5.5

7.0

10

1.3

  Hematological cancer (%)

2.6

5.2

1.0

0

  Liver cirrhosis (%)

1.1

1.6

0

0

  Cancer (%)

10.4

10.4

7.9

1.3

Vasoactive drugs before ICU (%)

44

47

64

21

Box II

 Surgical status at ICU admission

    

  No surgery (%)

74

85

94

83

Box III

 GCS

13 (10–15)

13 (10–15)

3 (3–8)

10 (6–15)

 Total bilirubin (\(\mu\)mol/L)

9 (6–15)

10 (7–19)

8 (5–12)

8 (5–12)

 Max. temperature (\(^\circ\)C)

37.0 (36.3–37.6)

37.3 (36.5–38.1)

36.0 (35.5–36.8)

37.0 (36.0–37.5)

 Max. creatinine (\(\mu\)mol/L)

93 (70–145)

119 (79–205)

112 (87–149)

87 (74–111)

 Max. heart rate (bpm)

100 (80–118)

107 (90–122)

98 (80–115)

90 (80–110)

 Max. leukocyte count (\(\times 10^{9}/\)L)

13 (8.8–18)

13 (8.4–19)

16 (12–21)

14 (11–19)

 Min. pH

7.34 (7.24–7.41)

7.32 (7.20–7.40)

7.19 (7.04–7.3)

7.34 (7.29–7.40)

 Min. platelet count (\(\times 10^{9}/\)L)

221 (161–286)

218 (147–304)

222 (165–270)

212 (171–261)

 Min. systolic blood pressure (mmHg)

100 (80–120)

91 (75–115)

85 (68–109)

104 (90–130)

Oxygenation

  Initial respiratory support\(^{\dagger }\) (%)

58

59

86

53

  \(\text {FiO}_{2}\) (%)

50 (40–70)

60 (40–80)

60 (50–80)

45 (40–57)

  \(\text {PaO}_{2}\) (kPa)

13 (9.8–18)

11 (9.0–15)

13 (11–22)

16 (11–24)

Other

penKid (pmol/L)

85 (54–148)

103 (63–194)

136 (91–215)

74 (52–103)

  1. If not stated otherwise, values represent medians (interquartile ranges, IQR). Box I–III refers to the subsections of the SAPS-3 scoring system. \(\dagger\)Respiratory support refers to invasive or non-invasive ventilation within 1 h of admission
  2. ICU: intensive care unit, SAPS-3: simplified acute physiology score III, SOFA: Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, CRRT: continuous renal replacement therapy, GCS: Glasgow coma scale, \(\text {FiO}_{2}\): fraction of inspired oxygen, \(\text {PaO}_{2}\): arterial partial pressure of oxygen, penKid: Proenkephalin A 119–159