Characteristic | No secondary infection | Developed a secondary infection | p value | M-MDSCs ≤ 4.3% | M-MDSCs > 4.3% | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number | 22 | 26 | 31 | 17 | ||
Gender, male | 14 (64%) | 21 (81%) | 0.18 | 22 (71%) | 13 (76%) | 0.17 |
Age (year) | 74 [63–85] | 73 [62–80] | 0.46 | 74 [69–82] | 62 [52–77] | 0.6 |
Type of infection | ||||||
HAP/VAP | 12 (55%) | 19 (73%) | 0.18 | 18 (68%) | 13 (76%) | 0.2 |
HCAP | 10 (45%) | 7 (27%) | 13 (42%) | 4 (24%) | ||
Severity of illness at admission | ||||||
APACHE II score | 20 [17–25] | 20 [16–26] | 0.99 | 21 [17–27] | 20 [15–23] | 0.29 |
SOFA score | 11 [9–12] | 10 [9–12] | 0.60 | 10 [9–12] | 11 [10–12] | 0.61 |
Mortality day 90 | 17 (77%) | 17 (65%) | 0.37 | 26 (84%) | 8 (47%) | 0.007 |
New sepsis episode | – | – | 16 (52%) | 7 (41%) | 0.48 | |
Secondary infection | – | – | 17 (55%) | 9 (53%) | 0.90 | |
Length of hospital stay | 8 [5–12] | 33 [27–43] | < 0.0001 | 16 [8–28] | 33 [12–44] | 0.04 |
Length of ICU stay | 8 [5–10] | 29 [20–36] | < 0.0001 | 16 [8–26] | 27 [10–37] | 0.14 |
Leukocytes (× 109/L) | 14.6 [11.6–19.6] | 13.5 [10.0–17.9] | 0.59 | 15.5 [12.1–20.4] | 10.9 [7.2–16.9] | 0.04 |
PMN-MDSCs (% of leukocytes) | 11 [7–26] | 32 [14–48] | 0.02 | 26 [9–39] | 18 [6–44] | 0.86 |
M-MDSCs (% of leukocytes) | 3.04 (1.72–6.48) | 3.07 (2.12, 4.60) | 0.83 | – | – | |
Lactate (mmol/L) | 2.10 [1.70–2.80] | 1.70 [1.20–2.30] | 0.28 | 2.18 [1.70–2.80] | 1.20 [0.90–2.10] | 0.01 |
CRP (mg/L) | 164 [130–194] | 75 [27–144] | 0.003 | 146 [81–218] | 126 [40–167] | 0.23 |
IL-6 (pg/mL) | 43 [22–112] | 24 [16–50] | 0.07 | 31 [16–72] | 29 [20–49] | 0.89 |
Ferritin (ng/mL) | 850 [410–1533] | 530 [391–981] | 0.40 | 747 [476–1524] | 423 [266–808] | 0.03 |