The frailty, outcomes, recovery and care steps of critically ill patients (FORECAST) study: pilot study results

Muscedere, John; Bagshaw, Sean M.; Boyd, Gordon; Sibley, Stephanie; Norman, Patrick; Day, Andrew; Hunt, Miranda; Rolfson, Darryl

doi:10.1186/s40635-022-00446-7

Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Table 3 Care processes and adverse events during ICU and hospital stay

From: The frailty, outcomes, recovery and care steps of critically ill patients (FORECAST) study: pilot study results

	FI ≥ 0.2 (n = 23)	FI < 0.2 (n = 26)	p value¹	CFS ≥ 5 (n = 17)	CFS < 5 (n = 32)	p value¹	Total (n = 49)
Nutrition evaluable days: mean ± SD	10.2 ± 9.8	8.1 ± 8.9	0.4	12.2 ± 9.2	7.4 ± 9.0	0.09	9.1 ± 9.3
Received TPN: n (%)	2 (8.7)	4 (15.4)	0.7	2 (11.8)	4 (12.5)	1.0	6 (12.2)
EN caloric adequacy (%): mean ± SD	44.8 ± 34.5	50.7 ± 35.0	0.6	62.4 ± 22.8	39.8 ± 37.5	0.03	47.8 ± 34.5
EN protein adequacy (%): mean ± SD	44.3 ± 34.3	50.4 ± 35.6	0.6	62.2 ± 24.9	39.3 ± 37.0	0.03	47.4 ± 34.7
Mobility at ICU discharge²: mean ± SD	3.1 ± 3.5	5.3 ± 3.9	0.04	3.1 ± 4.0	5.0 ± 3.6	0.1	4.3 ± 3.8
Proportion ward days patient out of bed at least once: median (IQR) or mean ± SD	0.3 (0.2–0.8)	0.7 (0.2–1.0)	0.27	0.7 ± 0.4	0.5 ± 0.4	0.5	0.5 (0.2–1.0)
Maximum level of activity over ward stay: missing	10 (43.5%)	3 (11.5%)		8 (47.1%)	5 (15.6%)		13 (26.5%)
Ambulatory	11 (47.8%)	20 (76.9%)		7 (41.2%)	24 (75.0%)		31 (63.3%)
Up to a chair	0 (0.0%)	3 (11.5%)		1 (5.9%)	2 (6.3%)		3 (6.1%)
Bed	2 (8.7%)	0 (0.0%)		1 (5.9%)	1 (3.1%)		2 (4.1%)
Proportion ICU days with CAM assessed: median (IQR)	0.8 (0.7–1.0)	0.9 (0.6–1.0)	0.6	0.9 [0.6–0.9)	0.9 [0.7–1.0)	0.5	0.9 (0.7–1.0)
Proportion ICU days with CAM + ve score: median (IQR)	0.2 (0.0–0.5)	0.1 (0.0–0.4)	0.2	0.2 (0.0–0.5)	0.2 (0.0–0.4)	0.4	0.2 (0.0–0.5)
Proportion ward days with CAM assessed: median (IQR)	1.0 (1.0–1.0)	1.0 (1.0–1.0)	0.3	1.0 (1.0–1.0)	1.0 (0.96–1.0)	0.04	1.0 (1.0–1.0)
Proportion ward days with CAM + ve score: median (IQR)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	1.0	0.0 [0.0–0.0)	0.0 (0.0–0.0)	1.0	0.0 [0.00. 0 (0.0–0.0)
Number new antibiotics ICU day 2–28: median (IQR)	1.0 (0.0–0.0)	1.0 (0.0–3.0)	0.867	1.0 (0.0–2.0)	0.0 (0.0–1.0)	0.361	1.0 (0.0–2.0)
Number of positive cultures ICU day 2–28: median (IQR)	1.0 (0.0–2.0)	0.0 (0.0–2.0)	0.544	1.0 (0.0–2.0)	1.0 (0.0–3.0)	0.614	0.0 (0.0–2.0)

FI Frailty Index, CFS Clinical Frailty Score, SD Standard Deviation, TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition, EN Enteral Nutrition, IQR Interquartile Range, ICU Intensive Care Unit,
¹p-values are Fisher's exact test for categorical variables and t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables
²As measured by the ICU Mobility Scale (ranges from 0 = bed bound to 10 = able to walk independently)

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