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Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Fig. 2 | Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Fig. 2

From: Comparison of whole blood cytokine immunoassays for rapid, functional immune phenotyping in critically ill patients with sepsis

Fig. 2

IFNγ and TNF concentrations measured by ELLA immunoassay, following ex vivo exposure of whole blood to immune stimulants. A Coefficient of variation of pooled IFNγ measurements, B coefficient of variation of pooled TNF measurements, C IFNγ and TNF responses measured by ELISpot immunoassay following 4 or 18 h of exposure to immune stimulants. CINS  critically ill and not septic patients, LPS  lipopolysaccharide, CD3/CD28  anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies, PMA/iono  phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate and ionomycin. Blue dotted lines represent upper and lower limits of reliable detection provided by manufacturer. P values based on ANOVA analysis using log2-transformed cytokine concentrations from three patient cohorts (healthy, sepsis, CINS). *P ≤ 0.05, **P ≤ 0.01, ***P ≤ 0.001

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