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Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Fig. 2 | Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Fig. 2

From: Positive end-expiratory pressure limits inspiratory effort through modulation of the effort-to-drive ratio: an experimental crossover study

Fig. 2

Maximum change in inspiratory esophageal pressure. The mean change in the esophageal pressure (Pes) from end-expiration to the lowest inspiratory Pes is displayed in relation to the PEEP level. This maximum change in esophageal pressure (ΔPesmax) was decreased in response to the PEEP increase and there was a distinct limitation of ΔPesmax during high PEEP settings. Mean ΔPesmax showed a linear relation to PEEP. The black dots represent the incremental PEEP levels (0 to 15 cmH2O), and the circles represent the decremental PEEP levels (12 to 0 cmH2O). The trend line and regression equation were calculated using the mean values pooled from the incremental and decremental PEEP levels. * = significantly different from the initial PEEP level 0 cmH2O (p < 0.05 after Bonferroni correction) (significance displayed for incremental PEEP levels only)

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