|
Author
|
Age
|
Gender (%male)
|
Subject ethnicity detailed
|
Severity of subject disease
|
Subject drug exposure documentation
|
|---|
|
Subjects
|
Controls
|
Statistical test result
|
Subjects
|
Controls
|
Statistical test result
|
Index
|
Score
|
No. Groups
|
Sedatives
|
Antibiotics
|
Steroids
|
|---|
|
Santos [12]
|
60 ± 17
|
55.3 ± 18
|
N
|
57
|
53
|
N
|
N
|
APACHE II
|
17 (4 to 30)
|
3
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Gorgulu [19]
|
46 ± 4
|
33 ± 2
|
N* (p < 0.001)
|
74
|
59
|
N
|
N
|
Mortality
|
9%
|
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Bruns [13]
|
58 (40 to 80)
|
45 (37 to 82); 58 (?)
|
0.437
|
82
|
73/48
|
0.341
|
N
|
-
| |
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Shih [20]
|
33 ± 14
|
?
|
N
|
66
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
ISS
|
23
|
2
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Kasten [21]
|
36 ± 2
|
38 ± 2
|
p > 0.05
|
100
|
100
|
p > 0.05
|
N
|
ISS
|
23
|
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Valente [22]
|
75
|
>65
|
N
|
46
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
ISS
|
15.00
|
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Kawasaki [26]
|
52 ± 4; 54 ± 4
|
N/A
|
N
|
70
|
70
|
p > 0.05
|
N
|
ASA
|
I to II
|
2
|
Y
|
N
|
N
|
|
Frohlich [27]
|
66 ± 10; 69 ± 6
|
N/A
|
N
|
40
|
20
|
N
|
N
|
ASA
|
I
|
2
|
Y t
|
Y t
|
Y t
|
|
Martins [14]
|
50 ± 21
|
31 ± 6
|
N* (p = 0.0011)
|
?
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
Mortality
|
38%
|
2
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Barth [15]
|
N/S (36 to 82)
|
24 (22 to 50)
|
N
|
60
|
36
|
N
|
N
|
Mortality
|
37%
|
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Mariano [16]
|
67 ± 4
|
?
|
N
|
?
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
-
| |
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Quaid [23]
|
37 (20 to 71)
|
?
|
N
|
?
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
ISS
|
24 (17 to 34)
| |
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Wiezer [28]
|
57 ± 3; 62 ± 2; 58 ± 5
|
?
|
N
|
83, 66, 70
| |
N
|
N
|
APACHE III
|
Graphs (no difference)
|
3
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Ahmed [17]
|
55 ± 6
|
36 ± 16
|
N* (p < 0.0001)
|
46
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
APACHE II
|
20 ± 1
|
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Shih [29]
|
42 ± 19
|
N/S
|
N
|
55
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
ISS
|
26 ± 7.2
|
3
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Ertel [24]
|
N/S
|
?
|
N
|
?
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
AIS
|
Head 4.5 ± 0.2, Chest 4.1 ± 0.1
|
1
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Ogura [25]
|
40 ± 19
|
35 ± 6
|
N
|
75
|
?
|
N
|
N
|
ISS
|
31 ± 10
|
2
|
N
|
N
|
N
|
|
Pascual [18]
|
59 (27 to 81)
|
45 (27 to 81)
|
p > 0.05
|
51
|
43
|
N
|
N
|
Mortality
|
21%
|
1
|
N
|
N
|
Y t
|
- Age: N/S, not summarised (tabulated data for every patient provided); question mark (?), not provided within the manuscript; N/A, not applicable. Statistical test result: N, not reported; N*, not reported but we identified the significant p value from the original manuscript data. Severity of subject disease: The average clinical severity score of subjects with an index of spread listed in brackets. The number of severity groups which subjects were divided into is listed. ISS/AIS, Injury Severity Score/Abbreviated Injury Severity Score [87]; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists Physical Status Classification System [85]; APACHE II: Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II [83], APACHE III, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation III [84]. Subject drug use detailed: whether patient exposure to known immunomodulating drugs was documented. A‘t’ signifies that the timing of the drug administration in relation to blood sampling was clear from the study methodology.
