Articles

Structural equation modelling the relationship between anti-fungal prophylaxis and Pseudomonas bacteremia in ICU patients

Animal models implicate candida colonization facilitating invasive bacterial infections. The clinical relevance of this microbial interaction remains undefined and difficult to study directly. Observations fro...

Authors: James C. Hurley

The effect of shock duration on trauma-induced coagulopathy in a murine model

Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) is a life-threatening condition associated with high morbidity and mortality. TIC can present with different coagulation defects. In this study, the aim was to determine the e...

Authors: Pieter H. Sloos, M. Adrie W. Maas, Markus W. Hollmann, Nicole P. Juffermans and Derek J. B. Kleinveld

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cell-based therapies for severe viral pneumonia: therapeutic potential and challenges

Severe viral pneumonia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality globally, whether due to outbreaks of endemic viruses, periodic viral epidemics, or the rarer but devastating global viral pandemics. Wh...

Authors: C. H. Masterson, A. Ceccato, A. Artigas, C. dos Santos, P. R. Rocco, S. Rolandsson Enes, D. J. Weiss, D. McAuley, M. A. Matthay, K. English, G. F. Curley and J. G. Laffey

Towards an ecological definition of sepsis: a viewpoint

In critically ill patients with sepsis, there is a grave lack of effective treatment options to address the illness-defining inappropriate host response. Currently, treatment is limited to source control and s...

Authors: Michael Bauer, Manu Shankar-Hari, Daniel O. Thomas-Rüddel and Reinhard Wetzker

A clinically relevant sheep model of orthotopic heart transplantation 24 h after donor brainstem death

Heart transplantation (HTx) from brainstem dead (BSD) donors is the gold-standard therapy for severe/end-stage cardiac disease, but is limited by a global donor heart shortage. Consequently, innovative solutio...

Authors: Louise E. See Hoe, Karin Wildi, Nchafatso G. Obonyo, Nicole Bartnikowski, Charles McDonald, Kei Sato, Silver Heinsar, Sanne Engkilde-Pedersen, Sara Diab, Margaret R. Passmore, Matthew A. Wells, Ai-Ching Boon, Arlanna Esguerra, David G. Platts, Lynnette James, Mahe Bouquet…

Hysteretic device characteristics indicate cardiac contractile state for guiding mechanical circulatory support device use

Acute heart failure and cardiogenic shock remain highly morbid conditions despite prompt medical therapy in critical care settings. Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is a promising therapy for these patient...

Authors: Brian Y. Chang, Zhengyang Zhang, Kimberly Feng, Noam Josephy, Steven P. Keller and Elazer R. Edelman

Do alterations in pulmonary vascular tone result in changes in central blood volumes? An experimental study

The effects of selective pulmonary vascular tone alterations on cardiac preload have not been previously examined. Therefore, we evaluated whether changing pulmonary vascular tone either by hypoxia or the inha...

Authors: Jaap Jan Vos, J. K. Götz Wietasch, Andreas Hoeft and Thomas W. L. Scheeren

Molecular mechanisms of postintensive care syndrome

Authors: Paula Martín-Vicente, Cecilia López-Martínez, Inés Lopez-Alonso, Josefina López-Aguilar, Guillermo M. Albaiceta and Laura Amado-Rodríguez

Effects of therapeutic plasma exchange on the endothelial glycocalyx in septic shock

Disruption of the endothelial glycocalyx (eGC) is observed in septic patients and its injury is associated with multiple-organ failure and inferior outcomes. Besides this biomarker function, increased blood co...

Authors: Klaus Stahl, Uta Carola Hillebrand, Yulia Kiyan, Benjamin Seeliger, Julius J. Schmidt, Heiko Schenk, Thorben Pape, Bernhard M. W. Schmidt, Tobias Welte, Marius M. Hoeper, Agnes Sauer, Malgorzata Wygrecka, Christian Bode, Heiner Wedemeyer, Hermann Haller and Sascha David

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin does not originate from the kidney during reperfusion in clinical renal transplantation

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) is a common clinical complication. Plasma/serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) has been proposed as a rapid marker of AKI. However, NGAL is not kidney-specific. It ...

Authors: Arie Passov, Minna Ilmakunnas, Marjut Pihlajoki, Kethe Hermunen, Marko Lempinen, Ilkka Helanterä, Villemikko Kailari, Markku Heikinheimo, Sture Andersson and Eero Pesonen

Intracycle power and ventilation mode as potential contributors to ventilator-induced lung injury

High rates of inflation energy delivery coupled with transpulmonary tidal pressures of sufficient magnitude may augment the risk of damage to vulnerable, stress-focused units within a mechanically heterogeneou...

Authors: John J. Marini, Philip S. Crooke, Pierre Tawfik, Robert L. Chatburn, David J. Dries and Luciano Gattinoni

Data automated bag breathing unit for COVID-19 ventilator shortages

The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a global mechanical ventilator shortage for treatment of severe acute respiratory failure. Development of novel breathing devices has been proposed as a low cost, rapid solutio...

Authors: Aleksandra B. Gruslova, Nitesh Katta, Andrew G. Cabe, Scott F. Jenney, Jonathan W. Valvano, Tim B. Phillips, Austin B. McElroy, Robert K. LaSalle, Aydin Zahedivash, Van N. Truskett, Nishi Viswanathan, Marc D. Feldman, Richard B. Wettstein, Thomas E. Milner and Stephen Derdak

Plasma hyaluronan, hyaluronidase activity and endogenous hyaluronidase inhibition in sepsis: an experimental and clinical cohort study

Plasma hyaluronan concentrations are increased during sepsis but underlying mechanisms leading to high plasma hyaluronan concentration are poorly understood. In this study we evaluate the roles of plasma hyalu...

Authors: Jaap van der Heijden, Constantinos Kolliopoulos, Paul Skorup, Marko Sallisalmi, Paraskevi Heldin, Michael Hultström and Jyrki Tenhunen

ESICM LIVES 2021: Part 2

Authors:

Computed tomographic assessment of lung aeration at different positive end-expiratory pressures in a porcine model of intra-abdominal hypertension and lung injury

Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) is common in critically ill patients and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. High positive end-expiratory pressures (PEEP) can reverse lung volume and oxyge...

Authors: Adrian Regli, Siavash Ahmadi-Noorbakhsh, Gabrielle Christine Musk, David Joseph Reese, Peter Herrmann, Martin Joseph Firth and J. Jane Pillow

ESICM LIVES 2021: Part 1

Authors:

Evaluation of a simultaneous adsorption device for cytokines and platelet–neutrophil complexes in vitro and in a rabbit acute lung injury model

Platelet–neutrophil complexes (PNCs) readily migrate into tissues and induce tissue damage via cytokine or other pathogenic factors release. These actions are involved in onset and progression of acute respira...

Authors: Yumiko Sekiya, Kaoru Shimada, Hiroshi Takahashi, Chisa Kuga, Shunsuke Komachi, Keishi Miwa and Toru Kotani

A randomised controlled trial of succinylated gelatin (4%) fluid on urinary acute kidney injury biomarkers in cardiac surgical patients

Fluid resuscitation is frequently required for cardiac surgical patients admitted to the intensive care unit. The ideal fluid of choice in regard to efficacy and safety remains uncertain. Compared with crystal...

Authors: Lisa Smart, Corrin Boyd, Edward Litton, Warren Pavey, Philip Vlaskovsky, Umar Ali, Trevor Mori, Anne Barden and Kwok Ming Ho

Novel method of transpulmonary pressure measurement with an air-filled esophageal catheter

There is a strong rationale for proposing transpulmonary pressure-guided protective ventilation in acute respiratory distress syndrome. The reference esophageal balloon catheter method requires complex in vivo...

Authors: Paul Bernard Massion, Julien Berg, Nicolas Samalea Suarez, Gilles Parzibut, Bernard Lambermont, Didier Ledoux and Pierre Pascal Massion

Validation of a novel system to assess end-expiratory lung volume and alveolar recruitment in an ARDS model

Personalizing mechanical ventilation requires the development of reliable bedside monitoring techniques. The multiple-breaths nitrogen washin–washout (MBNW) technique is currently available to measure end-expi...

Authors: Laurent Bitker, Nadja Cristinne Carvalho, Sascha Reidt, Christoph Schranz, Dominik Novotni, Maciej Orkisz, Eduardo Davila Serrano, Jean-Pierre Revelly and Jean-Christophe Richard

Killer immunoglobulin-like receptor 2DS5 is associated with recovery from coronavirus disease 2019

Despite numerous advances in the identification of risk factors for the development of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), factors that promote recovery from COVID-19 remain unknown. Natural killer (NK...

Authors: Vadim Lesan, Moritz Bewarder, Carlos Metz, André Becker, Sebastian Mang, Evi Regitz, Lorenz Thurner, Frank Neumann, Igor Kos, Konstantinos Christofyllakis, Guy Danziger, Stephan Stilgenbauer, Robert Bals, Philipp M. Lepper, Dominic Kaddu-Mulindwa and Torben Rixecker

Progranulin signaling in sepsis, community-acquired bacterial pneumonia and COVID-19: a comparative, observational study

Progranulin is a widely expressed pleiotropic growth factor with a central regulatory effect during the early immune response in sepsis. Progranulin signaling has not been systematically studied and compared b...

Authors: Florian Brandes, Melanie Borrmann, Dominik Buschmann, Agnes S. Meidert, Marlene Reithmair, Markus Langkamp, Lutz Pridzun, Benedikt Kirchner, Jean-Noël Billaud, Nirav M. Amin, Joseph C. Pearson, Matthias Klein, Daniela Hauer, Clarissa Gevargez Zoubalan, Anja Lindemann, Alexander Choukér…

Interstitial washdown and vascular albumin refill during fluid infusion: novel kinetic analysis from three clinical trials

Increased capillary filtration may paradoxically accelerate vascular refill of both fluid and albumin from the interstitial space, which is claimed to be edema-preventing. We characterized this proposed mechan...

Authors: Robert G. Hahn and Randal O. Dull

Inflammatory markers assessment in an animal model of intracranial hypertension: a randomized trial

Intracranial hypertension (ICH) is a common final pathway of most neurosurgical pathologies and leads to poor prognosis if not detected and treated properly. Inflammatory markers have been assessed in clinical...

Authors: Marcelo Prudente do Espírito Santo, Caroline Silvério Faria, Davi Jorge Fontoura Solla, Leonardo Zumerkorn Pipek, Alessandro Rodrigo Belon, Brasil Ping Jeng, Almir Ferreira de Andrade, Manoel Jacobsen Teixeira and Wellingson Silva Paiva

Complement factor D is linked to platelet activation in human and rodent sepsis

The complement factor D (CFD) exerts a regulatory role during infection. However, its physiological function in coagulopathy and its impact on the course of an infection remains unclear.

Authors: O. Sommerfeld, K. Dahlke, M. Sossdorf, R. A. Claus, A. Scherag, M. Bauer and F. Bloos

Rapid screening of critically ill patients for low plasma vitamin C concentrations using a point-of-care oxidation–reduction potential measurement

Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency are common in critically ill patients and associated with organ dysfunction. Low vitamin C status often goes unnoticed because determination is challenging. The stati...

Authors: Sander Rozemeijer, Bob Smit, Paul W. G. Elbers, Armand R. J. Girbes, Heleen M. Oudemans-van Straaten and Angelique M. E. de Man

Flow-dependent regulation of endothelial Tie2 by GATA3 in vivo

Reduced endothelial Tie2 expression occurs in diverse experimental models of critical illness, and experimental Tie2 suppression is sufficient to increase spontaneous vascular permeability. Looking for a commo...

Authors: Temitayo O. Idowu, Valerie Etzrodt, Thorben Pape, Joerg Heineke, Klaus Stahl, Hermann Haller and Sascha David

Effect of positive end-expiratory pressure on additional passive ventilation generated by CPR compressions in a porcine model

Compressions given during cardiopulmonary resuscitation generate small, ineffective passive ventilations through oscillating waves. Positive end-expiratory pressure increases the volume of these passive ventil...

Authors: Yosef Levenbrown, Md Jobayer Hossain, James P. Keith, Katlyn Burr, Anne Hesek and Thomas H. Shaffer

Mortality of septic shock patients is associated with impaired mitochondrial oxidative coupling efficiency in lymphocytes: a prospective cohort study

Septic shock is a life-threatening condition that challenges immune cells to reprogram their mitochondrial metabolism towards to increase ATP synthesis for building an appropriate immunity. This could print me...

Authors: Wagner Luis Nedel, Afonso Kopczynski, Marcelo Salimen Rodolphi, Nathan Ryzewski Strogulski, Marco De Bastiani, Tiago Hermes Maeso Montes, Jose Abruzzi Jr, Antonio Galina, Tamas L. Horvath and Luis Valmor Portela

Plasma proenkephalin A 119–159 on intensive care unit admission is a predictor of organ failure and 30-day mortality

Proenkephalin A 119-159 (penKid) has been suggested as a marker of renal failure and poor outcome. We aimed to investigate the association of penKid on ICU admission with organ dysfunction and mortality in a m...

Authors: Attila Frigyesi, Lisa Boström, Maria Lengquist, Patrik Johnsson, Oscar H. M. Lundberg, Martin Spångfors, Martin Annborn, Tobias Cronberg, Niklas Nielsen, Helena Levin and Hans Friberg

Pulmonary and intestinal microbiota dynamics during Gram-negative pneumonia-derived sepsis

The gut microbiome plays a protective role in the host defense against pneumonia. The composition of the lung microbiota has been shown to be predictive of clinical outcome in critically ill patients. However,...

Authors: Nora S. Wolff, Max C. Jacobs, W. Joost Wiersinga and Floor Hugenholtz

Induced hypernatremia in patients with moderate-to-severe ARDS: a randomized controlled study

Induced hypernatremia and hyperosmolarity is protective in animal models of lung injury. We hypothesized that increasing and maintaining plasma sodium between 145 and 150 mmol/l in patients with moderate-to-se...

Authors: Shailesh Bihari, Shivesh Prakash, Dani L. Dixon, Elena Cavallaro and Andrew D. Bersten

The Surviving Sepsis Campaign: research priorities for the administration, epidemiology, scoring and identification of sepsis

To identify priorities for administrative, epidemiologic and diagnostic research in sepsis.

Authors: Mark E. Nunnally, Ricard Ferrer, Greg S. Martin, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Flavia R. Machado, Daniel De Backer, Craig M. Coopersmith and Clifford S. Deutschman

Risk factors for adverse outcomes during mechanical ventilation of 1152 COVID-19 patients: a multicenter machine learning study with highly granular data from the Dutch Data Warehouse

The identification of risk factors for adverse outcomes and prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay in COVID-19 patients is essential for prognostication, determining treatment intensity, and resource allocat...

Authors: Lucas M. Fleuren, Michele Tonutti, Daan P. de Bruin, Robbert C. A. Lalisang, Tariq A. Dam, Diederik Gommers, Olaf L. Cremer, Rob J. Bosman, Sebastiaan J. J. Vonk, Mattia Fornasa, Tomas Machado, Nardo J. M. van der Meer, Sander Rigter, Evert-Jan Wils, Tim Frenzel, Dave A. Dongelmans…

Preservation of renal endothelial integrity and reduction of renal edema by aprotinin does not preserve renal perfusion and function following experimental cardiopulmonary bypass

Acute kidney injury is a severe complication following cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and is associated with capillary leakage and microcirculatory perfusion disturbances. CPB-induced thrombin release results in...

Authors: Nicole A. M. Dekker, Anoek L. I. van Leeuwen, Matijs van Meurs, Jill Moser, Jeannette E. Pankras, Nicole N. van der Wel, Hans W. Niessen, Marc G. Vervloet, Alexander B. A. Vonk, Peter L. Hordijk, Christa Boer and Charissa E. van den Brom

A 29-mRNA host response test from blood accurately distinguishes bacterial and viral infections among emergency department patients

Whether or not to administer antibiotics is a common and challenging clinical decision in patients with suspected infections presenting to the emergency department (ED). We prospectively validate InSep, a 29-m...

Authors: Asimina Safarika, James W. Wacker, Konstantinos Katsaros, Nicky Solomonidi, George Giannikopoulos, Antigone Kotsaki, Ioannis M. Koutelidakis, Sabrina M. Coyle, Henry K. Cheng, Oliver Liesenfeld, Timothy E. Sweeney and Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis

Endothelial cell regulation of systemic haemodynamics and metabolism acts through the HIF transcription factors

The vascular endothelium has important endocrine and paracrine roles, particularly in the regulation of vascular tone and immune function, and it has been implicated in the pathophysiology of a range of cardio...

Authors: Simon Lambden, Andrew S. Cowburn, David Macias, Tessa A. C. Garrud, Bernardo J. Krause, Dino A. Giussani, Charlotte Summers and Randall S. Johnson

Norepinephrine and dobutamine improve cardiac index equally by supporting opposite sides of the heart in an experimental model of chronic pulmonary hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension is a significant risk factor in patients undergoing surgery. The combined effects of general anaesthesia and positive pressure ventilation can aggravate this condition and cause increase...

Authors: Janus Adler Hyldebrandt, Nikolaj Bøgh, Camilla Omann and Peter Agger

Dynamic compliance in flow-controlled ventilation

Authors: Dietmar Enk, Julia Abram, Patrick Spraider and Tom Barnes

Continuous intra-gastral monitoring of intra-abdominal pressure in critically ill children: a validation study

In critically ill children, detection of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH > 10 mmHg) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS = IAH + organ dysfunction) is paramount and usually monitored through intra-vesical...

Authors: T. Kaussen, M. Gutting, F. Lasch, D. Boethig, A. von Gise, J. Dingemann, H. Koeditz, T. Jack, M. Sasse, P. Beerbaum and M. Boehne

The effect of targeting Tie2 on hemorrhagic shock-induced renal perfusion disturbances in rats

Hemorrhagic shock is associated with acute kidney injury and increased mortality. Targeting the endothelial angiopoietin/Tie2 system, which regulates endothelial permeability, previously reduced hemorrhagic sh...

Authors: Anoek L. I. van Leeuwen, Nicole A. M. Dekker, Paul Van Slyke, Esther de Groot, Marc G. Vervloet, Joris J. T. H. Roelofs, Matijs van Meurs and Charissa E. van den Brom

Tissue adhesives for bacterial inhibition in extracorporeal membrane oxygenation cannulae

One of the most serious complications of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) therapy is ECMO cannulae infection, which can occur at quadruple the rate of central venous catheter infections, and signific...

Authors: India Pearse, Amanda Corley, Yue Qu and John Fraser

Sepsis: deriving biological meaning and clinical applications from high-dimensional data

The pathophysiology of sepsis is multi-facetted and highly complex. As sepsis is a leading cause of global mortality that still lacks targeted therapies, increased understanding of its pathogenesis is vital fo...

Authors: Alex R. Schuurman, Tom D. Y. Reijnders, Robert F. J. Kullberg, Joe M. Butler, Tom van der Poll and W. Joost Wiersinga

Haptoglobin treatment prevents cell-free hemoglobin exacerbated mortality in experimental rat sepsis

Authors: Christian A. Schaer, Victor Jeger, Thomas Gentinetta, Donat R. Spahn, Florence Vallelian, Alain Rudiger and Dominik J. Schaer

End-tidal to arterial PCO₂ ratio: a bedside meter of the overall gas exchanger performance

The physiological dead space is a strong indicator of severity and outcome of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The “ideal” alveolar PCO₂, in equilibrium with pulmonary capillary PCO₂, is a central conc...

Authors: Matteo Bonifazi, Federica Romitti, Mattia Busana, Maria Michela Palumbo, Irene Steinberg, Simone Gattarello, Paola Palermo, Leif Saager, Konrad Meissner, Michael Quintel, Davide Chiumello and Luciano Gattinoni

Treatment with senicapoc in a porcine model of acute respiratory distress syndrome

Senicapoc is a potent and selective blocker of KCa3.1, a calcium-activated potassium channel of intermediate conductance. In the present study, we investigated whether there is a beneficial effect of senicapoc...

Authors: Asbjørn G. Petersen, Peter C. Lind, Anne-Sophie B. Jensen, Mark A. Eggertsen, Asger Granfeldt and Ulf Simonsen

Triiodothyronine prevents tissue hypoxia in experimental sepsis: potential therapeutic implications

Authors: Iordanis S. Mourouzis, Athanasios I. Lourbopoulos, Athanasios G. Trikas, Ioulia K. Tseti and Constantinos I. Pantos

Mechanical ventilation preserves diaphragm mitochondrial function in a rat sepsis model

To describe the effect of mechanical ventilation on diaphragm mitochondrial oxygen consumption, ATP production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, and cytochrome c oxidase activity and content, and thei...

Authors: P. Eyenga, D. Roussel, B. Rey, P. Ndille, L. Teulier, F. Eyenga, C. Romestaing, J. Morel, V. Gueguen-Chaignon and S-S. Sheu

Point-of-care detection of lactate in cerebrospinal fluid

Measurements of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) lactate can aid in detecting infections of the central nervous system and surrounding structures. Neurosurgical patients with temporary lumbar or ventricular CSF drain...

Authors: C. Stephani, A. H. K. Choi and O. Moerer

Evaluation of automated microvascular flow analysis software AVA 4: a validation study

Real-time automated analysis of videos of the microvasculature is an essential step in the development of research protocols and clinical algorithms that incorporate point-of-care microvascular analysis. In re...

Authors: Christian S. Guay, Mariam Khebir, T. Shiva Shahiri, Ariana Szilagyi, Erin Elizabeth Cole, Gabrielle Simoneau and Mohamed Badawy