Repeated measures of Heparin-binding protein (HBP) and procalcitonin during septic shock: biomarker kinetics and association with cardiovascular organ dysfunction

Tverring, Jonas; Nielsen, Niklas; Dankiewicz, Josef; Linder, Adam; Kahn, Fredrik; Åkesson, Per

doi:10.1186/s40635-020-00338-8

Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population

From: Repeated measures of Heparin-binding protein (HBP) and procalcitonin during septic shock: biomarker kinetics and association with cardiovascular organ dysfunction

ID	Age (years)	Sex (M/F)	Comorbidities	Type of infection (HAI or CAI)	Time from ED to ICU (hours)	Microbiology (blood or other)	Max SOFA score	Max lactate (mmol/L)	Days in ICU	Alive/dead within 90 days	No. of measurements	Spearman’s R (NA vs HBP)	P value
1	23	F	–	LRI	21	S aureus	12	3.9	23	Alive	15	0.73	< 0.01
2	69	F	–	Cholangitis	6	S anginosus, Prevotella spec., P micra	7	5.6	5	Alive	11	0.74	< 0.01
3	34	F	–	LRI	3	Negative	6	3.6	2	Alive	12	0.30	0.34
4	64	M	CKD, DM, CHF, TIA	IE	30	S aureus	13	3.3	9	Alive	18	0.11	0.68
5	80	M	Lymphoma	LRI	1	Actinomyces S anginosus	14	8.4	8	Alive	18	0.73	< 0.001
6	73	M	TIA	Cholangitis	3	E coli C perfringens	16	8.3	14	Alive	18	0.08	0.75
7	70	M	–	GI perf	5	Anaerobes	8	3.4	3	Alive	17	− 0.10	0.69
8	83	M	DM, MI	LRI	8	Influenza A (NP swab)	15	4.3	15	Dead [15]	18	0.06	0.82
9	75	F	DM	SSTI	9	S pyogenes	10	4.0	3	Alive	15	0.70	< 0.01
10	52	M	C1qD	Pharyngeal abscess	0	S pyogenes	18	22.0	2	Dead [2]	15	− 0.70	< 0.01
11	67	M	CKD, DM	Cholangitis (HAI)	563	E coli	16	3.8	7	Dead [7]	16	0.61	0.01
12	81	M	CHF	Unknown	1	Negative	11	11.6	2	Alive	17	− 0.02	0.94
13	57	F	COPD	UTI	2	E coli	13	5.3	3	Alive	13	0.56	< 0.05
14	77	M	AUD	LRI	6	Negative	15	8.0	1	Dead [1]	1	–	–
15	65	M	CKD	LRI	1	L pneumo (NP swab)	13	3.4	12	Dead [12]	16	0.48	0.06
16	63	M	CKD, CHF	LRI	0	H influenzae (NP swab)	8	2.5	1	Alive	17	− 0.37	0.15
17	65	F	CKD, DM	UTI	7	E coli	9	2.3	1	Alive	12	− 0.28	0.37
18	53	F	CLD	SSTI	1	Negative	11	5.2	2	Alive	9	0.10	0.80
19	84	F	COPD, CHF	SSTI	12	S dysgalactiae (wound swab)	12	3.4	3	Alive	3	− 0.87	0.33
20	66	F	TIA	No inf. (IBD)	2	Negative	9	3.5	2	Alive	17	0.03	0.91
21	45	M	DM	SSTI	34	S pyogenes	8	3.7	3	Alive	13	0.11	0.73
22	73	F	COPD, MM	LRI	0	Negative	15	5.3	11	Dead [11]	18	− 0.15	0.55
23	67	M	CKD	GI perf	6	K pneumoni E faecium	11	5.7	14	Alive	17	− 0.33	0.19
24	47	F	–	LRI	1	S pyogenes	15	11.0	11	Alive	15	0.62	0.01

Characteristics of patient population and results for individual plasma HBP to NA dose correlation over time. Comorbidities are reported as mentioned in the patient’s chart. Infections are community-acquired if not described as hospital-acquired (HAI). Microbiology is shown from blood culture if positive, and if negative, from any other positive culture site. Maximum SOFA and lactate are displayed within 72 h from ICU admission, respectively. Alive or dead is observed up to 90 days from ICU admission. The number of reliable HBP measurements is displayed from ICU admission up to 72 h. Spearman’s R is shown for the individual longitudinal correlation between plasma HBP and NA dose with 72 h together with the p value for the analysis.
Abbreviations: AUD alcohol use disorder, C1qD complement component 1q deficiency, DM diabetes mellitus, CHF chronic heart failure, CKD chronic kidney disease, CLD chronic liver disease, C perf Clostridium perfringens, CAI community-acquired infection, COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, E coli Escherichia coli, GI perf gastrointestinal perforation, H influenza Haemophilus influenza, HAI hospital-acquired infection, ICU intensive care unit, IE infective endocarditis, L pneumo Legionella pneumophila, LRI lower respiratory infection, MI myocardial infarction, MM multiple myeloma, NP swab nasopharyngeal swab, P micra Parvimonas micra, Prevotella spec Provotella species, S anginosus Streptococcus anginosus, S dysgalactiae Streptococcus dysgalactiae, S aureus Staphylococcus aureus, S pyogenes Streptococcus pyogenes, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, SSTI skin and soft tissue infection, TIA transient ischemic attack, UTI urinary tract infection

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