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Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Fig. 3 | Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Fig. 3

From: Mild hypothermia combined with dexmedetomidine reduced brain, lung, and kidney damage in experimental acute focal ischemic stroke

Fig. 3

A Representative photomicrographs (light microscopy) of brain, lung, and kidney stained with hematoxylin–eosin stain in normothermia propofol (NORMO + PRO), normothermia dexmedetomidine (NORMO + DEX), hypothermia propofol (HYPO + PRO), and hypothermia dexmedetomidine (HYPO + DEX) rats. Decrease in cortex neurons pyroptosis and neuropil edema (A arrowheads and hash, inset) were observed in the HYPO + DEX and HYPO + PRO groups. Decrease in inflammatory thickening of the alveolar septa (E double arrowheads, inset) and renal tubular necrosis (I double asterisks, inset) in the HYPO + DEX and HYPO + PRO groups; more prominent in the NORMO + DEX group. The marked decrease in pyroptosis in cortical neurons (C arrowheads, inset), inflammatory alveolar septa (G double arrowheads, inset), and renal tubular necrosis (K double asterisks, inset) in HYPO + DEX and HYPO + PRO rats (D–L). Magnification × 400; inset × 1000. B: Brain, lung and kidney injury score. Boxes show the interquartile (25–75%) range, whiskers encompass the range (minimum to maximum), and horizontal lines represent median values of six animals/group. DEX dexmedetomidine, HYPO hypothermia, NORMO normothermia, PRO propofol. Histologic injury score in brain, lung and kidney was calculated by multiplying the severity and extent of organ injury (minimum score = 0 and maximum score = 16) and the total was calculated as the sum of each score for apoptosis, edema, inflammation, and necrosis (minimum score = 0 to maximum score = 64)

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