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Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Fig. 2 | Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Fig. 2

From: Elevated free interleukin-18 associated with severity and mortality in prospective cohort study of 206 hospitalised COVID-19 patients

Fig. 2

IL-18 parameter profiles by day from symptom onset (Kd = 0.05 nM). a Levels of fIL-18 increase between symptom days 1–14 days in 206 COVID-19 positive patients from baseline. From symptom day 15 onwards, fIL-18 levels diverge between survivors and non-survivors (days 15–19: 89.27 pg/ml [survived] vs. 138.00 pg/ml [died]; p < 0.03). Mean fIL-18 level in 442 healthy, male volunteers is 58.6 pg/ml (blue bar). b Levels of IL-18 binding protein (IL-18bp) after symptom day 15 overlap between survivors and non-survivors. c Total IL-18 increases in 60-day non-survivors from symptom day 15 onwards. Error bars represent standard error of the mean. Survivors (black): 499 samples from 165 patients. Non-survivors (red): 162 samples from 41 patients

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