Fig. 1
From: Pathophysiological implications of ventriculoarterial coupling in septic shock
Modified from Guarracino et al. (2019) Cardiovascular determinants of resuscitation from sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care 23:118 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
Pressure/volume loop describing ventriculo-arterial coupling. Plv left ventricular pressure, Vlv left ventricular volume, ESP left ventricle end-systolic pressure, ESV left ventricle end-systolic volume, EDV left ventricle end-diastolic volume, Ea arterial elastance, Ees end-systolic elastance, VAC ventriculo-arterial coupling, LVeff left ventricular efficiency, PVA pressure/volume area, SW stroke work, PE potential energy, SV stroke volume.