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Intensive Care Medicine Experimental
Fig. 1 | Intensive Care Medicine Experimental

Fig. 1

From: Positive end-expiratory pressure limits inspiratory effort through modulation of the effort-to-drive ratio: an experimental crossover study

Fig. 1

Identification of the spontaneous effort ratio. Visualization of the pressure and electric activity of the diaphragm (Edi) tracings as well as the calculation of the spontaneous effort ratio (SER). Transpulmonary pressure (PL) was calculated as the airway pressure (Paw) minus the esophageal pressure (Pes). The PL and Pes were identified at the time of maximum transpulmonary pressure (TPLmax) and end-expiration (Tend-exp). The SER was calculated as − ΔPes/ΔPL. The time of maximum PL was chosen for analysis, representing the time of maximum stress applied to the airway system. The SER represents the contribution of the inspiratory effort to the highest observed transpulmonary pressure

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