Table 2 Characteristics of participants in included sepsis studies (n = 10)

Macdonald et al. [33]

Standard fluid regimen group

49

65 (52,78)^b

62

2 (1,4)^b

5 (3,9)^b

-

78

8 (90)

Restricted fluid regimen group

46

66 (45,76)^b

63

2 (0,5)^b

5 (4,7)^b

-

53

9 (90)

Ilyina [34]

Crystalloid fluid bolus (7 mL/kg)

18

55, 16

61

–

11

100

-

44 (28)

Macdonald [32, 33]

Total fluid administration

86

64, 18

60

3 (1,5)^b

8, 4

43

64

13 (30)

Saoraya [31]

Standard fluid regimen group (30 mL/kg/h)

48

72, 16

62

5 (4,7)^b

5 (2,6)^b

42^c

42^c

25 (28);

31 (90)

Limited fluid regimen group (10 mL/kg/h)

48

70, 18

60

5 (3,7)^b

4 (2,5)^b

23^c

17^c

17 (28);

19 (90)

Hippensteel [30] (A)

Total fluid administration

56

59, 15

54

3, 3

7, 4

–

–

9 (in-hospital)

Hippensteel [30] (B)

Total fluid administration

100

61, 3

66

4, 3

4, 4

–

–

11 (in-hospital)

Inkinen [29]

Total fluid administration

619

66 (55,75)^b

64

–

8 (6,10)^b

65

71

29 (90)

Pouska et al. [36]

Fast fluid bolus (5–10 min)

25

61, 18

43

–

10 (7,14)^b

–

86

–

Slow fluid bolus (25–30 min)

9

57, 19

67

–

8 (8,12)^b

–

89

–

Smart [35]

10 ml/kg 0.9% NaCl

34

45 (39,52)^b

58

0 (0,1)^b

0 (0,1)^b

–

3

3 (30)

5 ml/kg 3% NaCl

36

41 (35,47)^b

62

0 (0,1)^b

0 (0,1)^b

–

0

3 (30)

Smart [28]

Total fluid administration

86

59 (52,66)^b

59

2 (1,4)^b

4 (3,6)^b

–

–

19 (30)

Wu [27]

Total fluid administration

15

65, 10

73

–

6, 3

–

–

27 (in-hospital)